What you should not do in summer to avoid putting yourself in danger

Did you happen to be aware of the fact that summer is practically the most perilous period for our eyes? Nevertheless, this assertion is only applicable to individuals who fail to wear sunglasses. This is not simply a glamorous accessory. During the summer months, the sun exhibits enhanced activity and ultraviolet radiation poses an immense threat to the eyes as it can result in severe ocular conditions. Consequently, to avoid the arduous task of locating a reputable ophthalmologist in the forthcoming years, it would be wise to ensure that your eyes are currently safeguarded by a pair of high-quality glasses, possessing lenses which effectively block ultraviolet rays.

Summertime is often regarded as the most preferred season for many individuals. However, it can also be the most perilous if one doesn’t adhere to certain precautions. It is crucial not to disregard the advice given by professionals to ensure that your vacation is filled with only pleasant memories.

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Elena Furmanova

Specialty: Pediatrician, Infectious Disease Specialist, Allergist-Immunologist.

Experience: 7 years.

Education: Graduated in 2010 from SibGMU, specializing in Pediatrics.

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Animals and Birds

Feeding wild creatures should be avoided. Not all human food is safe for animals and birds. It is important not to disturb ant hills as many ants are considered endangered species.

When in nature, it is against the rules to handle and touch baby animals and chicks. It is best not to tamper with eggs in nests as this may cause the parents to abandon them, leading to the unfortunate death of the eggs. Moreover, it is prohibited to bring wild animals and birds into populated areas. It is also not advisable to bring dogs along on vacation during the time when wild animals are raising their young. Dogs are not effective in protecting against encounters with bears, and their barking may provoke the bear and endanger the owners.

Rules of behavior on the water

Every year, around 25-30 thousand people drown in Russia, and this is a shocking statistic. Many individuals lack the knowledge of how to stay safe in the water, making it crucial to learn swimming techniques during childhood. This way, not only will you feel confident while swimming, but you’ll also be able to assist someone in danger. Following certain safety rules is essential when it comes to being in the water:

It is highly recommended to swim in designated and equipped beaches where there are appropriate rescue and first aid resources. Surprisingly, statistics show that 80 percent of accidents occur in unsuitable swimming areas.

In unfamiliar bodies of water, there can be various hazards such as broken glass, debris, snags, and metal rods in the bottom. Avoid swimming in marshy areas or places with an abundance of algae. It’s best to choose bodies of water with a sandy or pebbled bottom. Do not venture beyond the buoys, as being far from the shore severely decreases the chances of being rescued. It is strictly prohibited to swim while under the influence of alcohol. Alcohol causes the blood vessels to dilate, and upon immersion in cold water, it can lead to a sudden spasm. This can be fatal in open reservoirs. It’s crucial to remember that an intoxicated person is unable to assess the situation properly and may make decisions they wouldn’t make while sober. As a result, 90 percent of drowning victims were intoxicated at the time. Water safety regulations also forbid swimming near vessels, as their approach causes a rapid rise in the water level. Additionally, there have been instances where swimmers were pulled under the bottom of the ship. Jumping into the water from boats, launches, piers, and other objects not suitable for this purpose is strictly prohibited, as it can result in serious injuries. It is not advisable to swim in bodies of water with a temperature below +15 degrees Celsius. Similarly, swimming in stormy weather or places with strong surf is not recommended.

Mirror opposite the window: pros and cons

Designers in modern times utilize various objects to create a cozy and comfortable atmosphere. Mirrors are often a popular choice for this purpose. They are placed on walls, ceilings, and doors to serve different functions. Some people use mirrors to create an illusion of more space or to correct decorative flaws, while others believe that mirrors can bring positive energy into their homes. This magical object is also used in divination, predictions, and for dispelling spells.

Strategically placing mirrors in the interior can help individuals:

• attract wealth and enhance their own prosperity;
• protect their homes from negative external influences;
• gain insight into the future and communicate with the spirits of the deceased.

Improper positioning can often disrupt sleep and lead to a lack of rest, the onset of depression, and a decline in mental and physical well-being.

According to superstition, it is advised against hanging a mirror directly across from a window.

In this placement, the mirror reflects the positive energy flowing in through the window, preventing it from lingering in the surrounding area.

To keep the positive energy inside the house, it is recommended to place the mirror to the right or left of the window.

Opinion of feng shui experts

Having a reflective mirrored surface doesn’t always bring good fortune to people. According to followers of fengshui, if you hang a mirror directly opposite a window, it can attract negative energy into your home.

Normally, the energy of the sun freely enters a dwelling through window and door openings, bringing warmth and light. The positive Qi rays disperse throughout the house, creating a harmonious environment. However, placing a mirror directly opposite a window in accordance with feng shui principles can obstruct the movement of these positive energy flows. Instead of lingering in the surrounding space, they quickly reflect off the mirror’s surface and fly away back to where they originated from.

To avoid this, the ancient Chinese doctrine suggests specific placement for mirrors. For example, placing a mirror opposite the kitchen table can potentially improve your financial situation.

Placing a mirror in the living room is ideal for individuals who desire to not only establish a harmonious ambiance in their home but also foster mutual comprehension among its residents.

Modern interpretation of beliefs

Not many individuals are convinced that positioning a mirror across from a window has the ability to invite supernatural energy and negativity into one’s home. However, by placing this interior accessory in such a manner, people are essentially providing outsiders with a glimpse into their living space. The reflected surroundings have the potential to draw the attention of curious individuals who have a desire to covet the possessions of others. Additionally, the light from street lamps, which is reflected on the mirror’s surface, can disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to feelings of anxiety.

Whether one chooses to adhere to modern interpretations of this belief or not is a personal decision. Nevertheless, there may be merit in considering the beliefs of our ancestors from time to time.

What do the old omens say

For centuries, people have been enchanted by the enigmatic allure of mirrors. In Russian folklore, these reflective surfaces are believed to represent the threshold between the visible and invisible worlds.

The enchanting properties of mirrors allow them to both invite positive energy into a space and potentially attract negative energy as well.

However, if a mirror is positioned directly across from a window, there is an increased risk of inviting negativity into the dwelling, causing disharmony.

Placing two mirrors opposite each other can create a mystical corridor, allowing malicious spirits and other forms of evil to permeate the house and deprive its inhabitants of protection and restful sleep.

Stab wounds

During the summer months, both children and adults enjoy the freedom of going barefoot. Orthopedic specialists advise that this kind of exercise is highly beneficial for foot health. However, walking without shoes can sometimes be risky. In areas that have not been well-explored, there is a chance of stepping on a splinter, rusty nail, or other sharp objects. To ensure the benefits of walking barefoot, it is important to carefully choose clean areas such as well-maintained parks or meadows.

If an adult or a child injures their foot in the summer, what should they do? Stab wounds typically do not cause excessive bleeding. Generally, it is sufficient to clean the site of the injury with an antiseptic and seal it with a bandage. If there is still a splinter in the wound, it should be removed using sterilized tweezers (which have been disinfected with alcohol or boiled in water for at least 5 minutes). The splinter should be slowly and carefully taken out, following the same angle at which it entered the wound. However, if a splinter enters the eye or a rusty nail pierces the leg, self-treatment is not recommended. In such instances, only a doctor can provide appropriate medical care.

Rules of behavior in nature: logging

Law prohibits the cutting down of trees in protected regions. However, it is completely legal in non-protected areas (see Figure 5).

Figure 5: Uncontrolled deforestation leads to a devastating ecological catastrophe

The following guidelines for ecological behavior in nature while logging should be followed:

• Do not cut down young trees, as this will result in the depletion of the forest;
• It is recommended to plant saplings near the felled trunks;
• Avoid logging on slopes or unstable soil, as the roots help to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion;
• Prior to felling a tree, make a loud noise to alert others of its impending fall;
• Use dry branches to start a fire.

Drinking icy drinks

Excessive perspiration leads to a desire to quench one’s thirst. This can be done by consuming cold beverages. Cold drinks can indeed provide a momentary feeling of refreshment. However, there is a potential danger associated with them. Extremely cold drinks can disrupt the normal functioning of the throat’s mucous membrane. It’s akin to suddenly exposing yourself to a cold shower. Even an unprepared individual would be taken aback by such a sudden change in temperature. The mucous membrane reacts similarly. In a "shocked" state, it becomes weakened for a period of time. Consequently, it becomes more susceptible to "cold viruses." As a result, the throat may become inflamed, painful, and so on.

Furthermore, it is not advisable to consume beverages in one go. Imbibing a large amount of liquid at once can overload the cardiovascular system. In extreme heat, this can potentially even trigger a heart attack.

Tip! It is recommended to consume water at room temperature, in small sips. Specifically, water and not carbonated drinks. While carbonated drinks may be appealing in taste, they do not effectively quench thirst. It is also important to exercise caution when consuming ice cream.

Rules of behavior in the forest memo

Remember the primary regulations:

• Notify your family and friends about your hiking expedition. In case you become disoriented, search efforts will be initiated.
• Prioritize determining your camping location and the expected time of your return. Avoid dispersing too far.
• Ensure that you bring all necessary supplies: compass, matches, knife, watch, and a cell phone (if reception is available). Considering the current circumstances, it is advisable to also bring a portable charger.
• Prepare an ample supply of food.
• Come prepared with extra clothing.
• Store matches in a waterproof bag to prevent them from getting damp amidst rainfall.
• Wear vividly colored attire to stand out from the surroundings. This will facilitate locating you.
• Establish predetermined landmarks such as streams, roads, or even settlements.

By following these basic guidelines, you can have an incredible experience and collect a plethora of emotions. May this reminder accompany you on your journey.

Garbage after picnics in the forest

When you’re camping for a few days and find yourself without a proper place to dispose of your trash, it can be a dilemma. Carrying it around with you is not an option. However, there are some helpful tips and tricks to address this issue.

Firstly, it is recommended to swap out plastic bags for paper bags. Paper can be used as a convenient fire starter. Additionally, opt for reusable utensils to avoid the need for disposable plastic items.

Never attempt to bury or burn plastic waste! Plastic is toxic to the soil and detrimental to animals. Furthermore, it is highly flammable and poses a fire hazard. Instead, carry out any inorganic materials with you when you leave.

All of these practices fall under the umbrella of responsible outdoor recreation. It is essential to learn and embrace these habits, and then pass them on to future generations, whether they are in elementary school or high school. Everyone should be aware of this "etiquette"!

What to do if you get lost?

When facing such a situation, it is crucial not to succumb to panic and start running aimlessly. Instead, it is important to maintain composure and remain still. Afterward, it is essential to reach out for assistance. In the event no one comes to your aid, it is advisable to contact the rescue team through the emergency number 112. Additionally, make an effort to provide a detailed description of your surroundings as it will aid in facilitating your escape from the dense area.

Having knowledge of different regions in the world will be beneficial. To determine directions, stand in a position where the sun is directly overhead at noon and then turn your back to it. Your shadow will be pointing north, with east on your right and west on your left.

The situation becomes more complex when there is no access to a phone. In such cases, pay attention to the sounds around you. If you hear voices, traffic noise, or any other signs of human activity, head towards them. If there are no audible signs, try to find a stream as it will likely lead you to a river where you may find people.

If you are unable to find your way, it’s best to start preparing for an overnight stay. Build a simple shelter using branches and try to start a fire.

Responsibility for violation of the rules of behavior in the forest

Under the Forest Code of the Russian Federation, individuals who violate the legislation can face both administrative and criminal consequences for their actions. This means that those who cause harm to forest areas are required to compensate for the damage or else face a lawsuit:

• Illegal hunting puts the violator at risk of a 200,000 ruble fine or a six-month imprisonment.
• Destroying habitats of endangered animals, as listed in the Red Book, is punishable by a fine of 500,000 rubles or a maximum of 3 years in prison.
• Unauthorized logging of forest areas can result in a fine of up to 500,000 rubles or a maximum of 2 years in prison.
• If forest areas are destroyed, the punishment can be a fine of 400,000 rubles or up to 3 years of imprisonment.

Always remember that nature is not only vital for humans but also for animals. Our duty is to safeguard and conserve it, rather than destroy it!

Rules of behavior in nature

Nature conservation is a meticulous and time-consuming undertaking. Depending on the region, there are various local regulations regarding safe behavior in the outdoors. The primary areas where strict adherence to laws is mandated are reserves and forestry areas, as they are home to a wide array of plant life and wildlife. While wild animal attacks are not a myth, they are not a common occurrence either. The true hazard lies in unfamiliar plants and fungi, with insects being slightly less common. It is important to recognize that different areas have their own unique microclimates and ecological conditions (Figure 1).

For instance, it is considered inappropriate to leave food unattended in an area where bears reside. Improper disposal of waste can also negatively impact local ecology, hence the importance of following rules of conduct in nature to prevent such occurrences.

Emphasizing the global impact of human actions is essential. Every action we take in the ecosystem, no matter how small, has an effect.

From improperly discarded bottles to the creation of plastic islands in our oceans, it all begins with thoughtless disposal. "The Broken Glass Effect" study serves as a powerful illustration of this problem. Once one person takes the first step, others follow suit, considering it the norm. For instance, seeing litter in the grass amidst a backdrop of trees no longer catches our attention. Throwing garbage on the ground becomes less morally reprehensible, as "everyone else does it." This behavior is rooted in ancient herd instincts, but it is our responsibility to ensure that future generations can enjoy the same places where their parents shared their first romantic picnic.

Figure 1: Each ecosystem possesses its own distinct features

Having knowledge of proper behavior in the outdoors can help minimize the occurrence of accidents and incidents that may jeopardize human well-being. Natural environments host a variety of plants and mushrooms that can be harmful if consumed. Instances of mushroom poisoning during certain seasons are more prevalent than they may appear. The fundamental rule is to abstain from consuming unfamiliar mushrooms. Even if a mushroom appears to resemble an edible variety, it is not worth taking the chance.

Mushrooms have the ability to absorb any harmful substances present in their environment, such as toxins, moisture, nutrients, and even decomposition elements from plastic or nearby fly agaric mushrooms. This can be particularly dangerous when consuming wild mushrooms picked far away from sanitary facilities, as it can lead to severe food poisoning. Additionally, it is worth noting that individuals with allergies may be at risk. During the warm season, especially when mushrooms are in full bloom, there is a heightened chance of experiencing an anaphylactic shock. However, taking preventive measures such as having anti-allergen medication on hand can help mitigate the consequences of such an allergic reaction.

Buy food from street vendors

In the warm season, street trading thrives on the streets of our cities. Even in winter, when the city center is bustling, we are constantly presented with opportunities to indulge in various street foods such as shawarma, hot dogs, pizza, khachapuri, kebab, French fries, samsa, chebureks, and so on.

Unfortunately, besides the toll it takes on our figures, consuming such food during hot weather can often lead to food poisoning. This is due to the fact that pathogenic bacteria and microbes thrive in the summer. They multiply rapidly, have an abundance of food, and do not face any shortage of carriers. The sanitary and epidemiological situation is always more challenging in the summer compared to winter. Moreover, cooks at summer cafes and outdoor seating areas often neglect personal hygiene and cleanliness of their workspaces.

The activity of insects also contributes to the transmission of parasites. For instance, flies or cockroaches can transport worm larvae, known as ascarids, on their feet. Given that these insects are in constant contact with garbage, feces, and other filth found in the streets, they can land on food and deposit parasite larvae or intestinal pathogens on them. Due to the limited effectiveness of the human immune system against such parasites, the risk of infection is relatively high.

Tip: It is advisable to limit your consumption of home-cooked food and ensure that all food products undergo proper thermal treatment.

It is crucial to pay attention not only to the expiration date indicated on the packaging but also to the actual state of the products. In hot temperatures, even when stored in the refrigerator, food products often spoil before their designated expiration date, as the temperature in the store may have been compromised.

It is possible that the store has failed to maintain the proper temperature conditions for storage.

Sleeping under an air conditioner or fan

Sleeping during hot weather can be challenging. It can be hard to fall asleep when it’s hot, and sleep can be easily disrupted. To help facilitate better sleep, people often leave the air conditioner or a fan running overnight. While the benefits of air conditioning are well-known, it’s important to understand the potential dangers of using a fan that doesn’t actually cool the air.

One of the main risks associated with cooling with a fan is the possibility of spreading bacteria. As the fan circulates the air, it also moves dust and other particles around a confined space. This means that any germs in the air, as well as the dust that the fan picks up from its surroundings, can accumulate on the fan’s blades. This can potentially lead to breathing in these contaminants and exacerbating any existing health issues.

Using a fan while sleeping can be just as risky as using an air conditioner. This is because the temperature drops during the night and our body’s ability to regulate heat changes as well. You may not even be aware that you’re feeling cold while you’re asleep, and the fan can further lower your body temperature. This can lead to catching colds.

Here’s a tip: Avoid installing an air conditioner in your bedroom and if you do have one, avoid putting it on the highest setting. This will help you steer clear of getting too cold. It’s also a good idea to refrain from using a fan during the night.

Fallen photo, omen

9. Photo cast down

The art of photography carries a unique vitality, capturing the essence of those who appear within its frame.

As such, it is essential to handle photographs with utmost care, for many fail to comprehend the influence held by these seemingly ordinary moments frozen in time.

Losing or publicly sharing cherished photos is not permitted.

A photograph can be a powerful weapon in skilled hands, and there are many superstitions associated with it.

It is understandable that a situation where a framed photo falls and breaks is considered unpleasant.

Many people feel uneasy and eerie, as if their intuition is signaling a bad omen. However, it is not as terrible as it seems.

For instance, there is no need to panic if a photo accidentally falls after being bumped by someone. Similarly, if a photo in a frame gets damaged during transportation, there is no cause for concern.

The situation that should be concerning is when a photo frame falls without any apparent reason.

For instance, if the photo frame suddenly tumbled down from the wall or shelf without any draft or external force, it is definitely not a positive omen.

In case such an incident occurs, it is advisable to be more cautious and avoid tempting fate.

In the upcoming days, it’s recommended to steer clear of perilous activities or the road.

No need to panic, become frightened, or feel despondent. It’s possible that the photo frame’s fall serves as a warning sign that something needs to change.

10. Receiving gifted sharp objects

If someone presents you with a set of knives or forks for your home, this is also not an auspicious sign.

Your household might soon become filled with arguments and conflicts.

In order to prevent this, it is advisable to encase the pointed tips of the presents with a gentle fabric and set them aside from your view for a while. By doing so, you alleviate the sharp boundaries of disagreements that occur within your household.

Once a sufficient period of time has passed, retrieve the items and employ them peacefully in your everyday life.

However, it is important to always keep in mind that knives and forks are included in the category of objects that are best avoided when it comes to gift-giving.

Headphones while driving

Headphones that can be used as a hands-free device for phone conversations while on the go, or as a source of music, can be considered a highly hazardous gadget. The perception might be that they provide entertainment for the driver, adding some variety to an otherwise monotonous journey.

However, in reality, headphones can significantly distract the driver from the road by diverting their attention to what is happening in the audio device. Listening to loud music frequently leads to headaches and tiredness, which can potentially result in absentmindedness.

On the other hand, engaging in conversation through the headphones also diverts the driver’s attention away from the road, as they become absorbed in the discussion. This prevents the driver from focusing on the task at hand. Additionally, the danger of using headphones lies in the fact that the motorist may not be able to hear important warning signals or cries for help from other road users in the event of a sudden and dangerous situation.

It is crucial to bear in mind that an automobile poses a potential risk to life and well-being. A momentary distraction can lead to significant consequences not only for the negligent driver but also for their passengers and fellow road users.

Lightning strike

In the summer, thunderstorms are a common occurrence and many people enjoy witnessing the spectacular sight of lightning streaking across the dark sky. However, it is important to remember that despite its beauty, lightning can be extremely dangerous.

Although the risk of being struck by lightning is relatively low, with a 1 in 300,000 chance, it is still a real threat. Those who are unfortunate enough to be injured by lightning often suffer severe consequences, including death. Survivors may experience extensive burns, memory loss, intense headaches, nausea, sleep disturbances, tinnitus, paralysis, and a range of other debilitating disorders.

The first guideline to prevent danger is to seek shelter indoors during thunderstorms. Keep in mind that if you hear thunder, it indicates the presence of lightning nearby. The duration between the appearance of a flash and the corresponding striking sound is no longer than 30 seconds, during which lightning can travel a distance exceeding 9 kilometers. In the event that an individual happens to be caught in an open area without access to nearby shelter during a thunderstorm, it is crucial to adhere to several rules that may be life-saving.

Firstly, it is advised to refrain from moving or walking quickly in the event of a thunderstorm as it increases the chances of being struck by lightning.

Secondly, it is preferable to sit rather than stand, with your head positioned on your knees as lightning is more likely to strike at higher points.

Thirdly, it is important to stay away from bodies of water as much as possible as water is an excellent conductor of electricity, according to the principles of physics.

Fourthly, it is highly recommended to turn off your cell phone during a thunderstorm. There have been cases where incoming calls have been known to attract lightning to the phone, as reported by rescuers.

In addition, it is advisable to remove any metal objects such as umbrellas, watches, chains, earrings, and so on as they have the potential to attract a lightning discharge.

If you find yourself caught in a thunderstorm while on vacation in the forest, it is recommended to seek shelter between low trees with thick foliage, following all the safety guidelines mentioned above. More experienced travelers have observed that in the rare event of a lightning strike in the forest, it tends to target oak, elm, and poplar trees more frequently, with pine and spruce trees being less commonly affected. Birch and maple trees are even less likely to be damaged by lightning discharges.

When facing a thunderstorm while hiking in the mountains, it is advisable to seek refuge near a vertical cliff that is at least 5-6 times taller than an average person.

It is crucial to maintain a distance of at least 2 meters from the rock face and to secure all metal objects from mountaineering equipment by lowering them down the cliff using a rope, placing them at least 20 meters below the summit during a thunderstorm.

One thing you should never do when the weather is bad in the mountains is to lean against the rocks or seek shelter under rock shelters.

Remember, if someone is struck by lightning, no home remedies will be effective. In fact, they will only waste valuable time. The best course of action in such a situation is to call for an ambulance or promptly transport the person to the hospital.

Burns from poisonous plants

Walking barefoot on lush greenery brings immense joy to many individuals. In today’s concrete world, opportunities to connect with nature are rare. However, it is important to be aware of suitable terrain for this activity, as there are plants that can cause skin burns upon contact. We’re not talking about the well-known nettle, which is harmless.

One of the common poisonous plants in our area is borschevik. While it may go unnoticed among other grasses when it is small, it can grow to several meters in height under favorable conditions.

To prevent rashes and burns, it is advisable to steer clear of toxic plants. In the event of a reaction, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

Prior to that, it is essential to cleanse the affected area with a rich lather of soap to eliminate any poisonous sap and shield the skin from sun exposure (for a minimum of 2 days). Additionally, the affected area can be treated with alcohol or a diluted solution of manganese, followed by the application of panthenol or another burn-repellent agent.

Safety rules of behavior in public places – what you can do and what you can not: a memo

Public spaces encompass various locations such as the underground, bus stations, retail establishments, and parks. To avoid any potential trouble or inconvenience, it is advisable to adhere to some fundamental guidelines.

• Show courtesy by allowing women and children to board buses or taxis first, and extend assistance to the elderly to help them enter the transport.
• Avoid venturing into mines or tunnels, as well as trespassing behind any barriers or fences.
• When encountering streetcars, it is best to go around the front, while for trolleybuses, buses, and cars, the recommended path is to approach from the back.
• Refrain from shouting while using public transportation. Instead, engage in discreet conversations with your companion, leaning towards their ear.
• Minimize phone conversations and consider returning calls once you have reached your destination.
• Ensure your safety by grasping onto handrails and refrain from walking around the vehicle while it is in motion.
• Upon entering the vehicle, please pay the fare and find an available seat.
• It is polite to give up your seat to a pregnant woman, a woman with a child, or an elderly person.
• For the comfort of everyone, please refrain from bringing food or drinks onto the subway or bus. If you are hungry, you can always enjoy a snack in a park or at home.
• In crowded areas, it is advisable to use the underpass in order to safely cross the street.
• When seated on public transportation, please avoid taking up excessive space with your legs. When exiting, kindly request to be let out rather than pushing your way through.
• Please be mindful of your volume and try not to disturb others by speaking loudly. Yelling at others is strongly discouraged.
• If you find yourself in a crowded street, step aside when stopping to prevent accidental collisions with passersby.
• While attending a movie or theater performance, it is customary to remove any headgear that may obstruct the view of others.
• It is not advisable to be noisy or make excessive hand movements during the movie screening as it may potentially lead to a conflict. Additionally, it is important to refrain from tapping your feet along with the beats at a concert.
• In the event that you are running late for a movie, it is recommended to make minimal noise while walking towards your seat.

A guide to safety protocols for public settings: dos and don’ts

"Prohibition signs in the forest" serve a purpose and are there for a reason. They are based on a solid legal foundation, specifically the Forest Code of the Russian Federation. This comprehensive law governs behavior in the forest and encompasses various acts that outline the rules for using, protecting, and defending forest areas. It also outlines the rights of regulatory bodies and the consequences for committing offenses.

Another crucial legal document is the directives issued by the Federal Forestry Agency, which provide more detailed instructions specifically tailored to ordinary citizens. These regulations are subject to frequent updates and amendments.

Simultaneously, individual regulations are in place for each constituent of the federation. These take the form of local plans or directives issued by regional authorities. Forest management agencies have the authority to enforce their own rules governing conduct within specific territories.

It should be noted that there is no need to go through all of these paperwork before embarking on an adventure-filled vacation or a fun picnic with friends. Simply being mindful of not causing harm to the environment and exercising common sense is sufficient. For instance, it is important to refrain from starting a fire in the forest if such activity is prohibited.

To better cope with the heat and minimize its impact, it is recommended to follow these guidelines:

• Close the windows. Open windows only let hot air into the house, so it’s best to keep them closed. However, it’s important to ventilate the room when the heat subsides;
• Opt for easily digestible food. The body finds it harder to digest heavy meals, such as meat, during hot weather;
• Do more frequent wet cleaning, especially if you use a fan;
• Stay hydrated by drinking more water. In the summer, it’s common to drink up to 3 liters of water per day, depending on the temperature and individual’s weight;
• Take care of your pets, as they also struggle with the heat. Remember to regularly change their water and place their beds in shaded areas. Bathing them more often can also help;
• Adhere to safety guidelines when being around water bodies;
• Avoid creating drafts. It’s equally possible to catch a cold in hot weather as it is during winter;
• Monitor your children closely. Prohibit them from playing outside when the temperature is at its highest;
• Increase the frequency of hand washing. This will help eliminate potentially dangerous bacteria;
• Prevent excessive exertion.

What your child should know before going outdoors

Infants have a natural inclination to discover their surroundings by using their mouths, which can inadvertently put them in harm’s way when encountering wildlife. It is crucial to educate young children about the potential dangers of consuming unidentified berries or any other gifts from nature without the guidance of a responsible adult.

It is important to educate older children on the correct way to navigate through the woods. Teaching them that running around and not paying attention to their surroundings can lead to serious injuries, such as tripping over a stone or root and hurting themselves.

The main can and can not

Can be accomplished in the presence of adults	Should not be done
Stay away from bodies of water	Avoid wandering away from adults
Engage in activities near water	Avoid going deep into the woods
Avoid getting too close to an open fire	Dispose of garbage properly
Gather bouquets of flowers	Avoid randomly tearing flowers and grass
Collect berries and nuts	Avoid consuming raw mushrooms and unfamiliar fruits
Observe anthills	Avoid handling wildlife

Make sure your child is safe when going into the forest:

• Ensure your child is not exposed to the sun for extended periods of time;
• Dress your child in bright clothing so they can be easily seen.

Prepare and bring a small first aid kit, as a child who is not accustomed to insects and plants may get injured or have an allergic reaction to pollen.

The portable first aid kit should include:

• Hydrogen peroxide;
• Antiseptic solution;
• Activated charcoal;
• Burn ointment;
• Antihistamine;
• Insect repellent and after-bite solution for mosquito and bee bites;
• Antibacterial wipes.

After the exciting forest adventure is over, remind your child to collect and take away all trash and extinguish any fires to prevent forest fires.

Following simple rules of conduct in nature is essential, as it ensures children’s safety, fosters a caring attitude towards living creatures, nurtures an appreciation for beauty, and cultivates a deep love for their homeland.

Rules in nature – a handout

Time of year	Prohibited activities
Spring	– Destroying wildflowers;
	– Disturbing birds’ nests;
	– Setting fire to last year’s grass.
	– Trying to catch butterflies, bees, and dragonflies;
	– Harvesting unfamiliar berries and mushrooms;
	– Frightening forest creatures;
	– Leaving unattended fires;
	– Damaging shrubs and tree branches;
	– Capturing animals and birds and bringing them home;