The main differences between a sewing machine and an overlock.

For those who are curious about the distinction between an overlock and a contemporary sewing machine, it is important to note that these are devices designed for different purposes. Household sewing machine models are primarily used for seam joining and utilize a two-thread stitch. On the other hand, overlock machines produce a multi-threaded stitch (typically 3, 4, or 5 threads). It should be noted that the combined models available on the current market are not capable of simultaneously performing the functions of both these devices.

Why a sewing machine will not replace an overlock

Household sewing machine models lack the ability to perform fabric sweeping in the same manner as specialized equipment designed for this purpose. Instead, these machines only imitate a swatched seam. However, multifunctional sewing machines with overlock capabilities are still available for purchase. Initially, when zigzag stitching machines first appeared, they were primarily used for processing fabric edges. Later on, overlock feet specifically designed for this purpose were introduced.

Overlock foot

Nowadays, it is feasible to equip most sewing machines with this attachment. It is available as a separate set and can be purchased by the user individually. Furthermore, more advanced models have the capability to execute top-notch overlocking stitches. These machines can be categorized as combined models since they incorporate the functionalities of two devices. However, it should be noted that these combined models do not possess all the functions of a traditional overlock machine.

The main differences between overlock and sewing machine

Shuttle machines employ two threads: the upper thread is threaded from the main bobbin, and the lower thread is wound on the bobbin. The stitch is created by binding, thanks to the shuttle. By using a special overlock foot and the "zigzag" program, finished edges can be processed quite effectively on a regular machine. The unique design of this attachment allows for stitching right along the edge of the fabric. However, the quality of the seam may still not match that of overlocking equipment.

Due to the specific execution, the double-strand seam may not have the ability to withstand high tension.

An overlocker is a machine that uses multiple threads simultaneously. Currently, the most popular models are those with four threads. However, there are also options with two (which are rarely used nowadays), three, and even five threads. Unlike a sewing machine, an overlocker does not feed the lower threads into a bobbin; instead, they are immediately fed into the buttonhole. The buttonhole is a metal hook that catches the needle thread and creates a chain stitch. Due to the nature of the overlock stitch, which is longer and more elastic, the thread consumption is much higher compared to a sewing machine. Therefore, it is recommended to use large thread spools instead of regular bobbins for overlocking. Modern overlockers also feature a toothed rack that slightly stretches the fabric while working, making it particularly useful for sewing with knitted materials.

A conventional sewing machine and an overlock differ in terms of stitching functions. When overlocking, it trims the fabric edge.

Which overlock to buy

Multifilament overlocks offer greater practicality. Four-thread overlocks are currently in high demand. These machines feature two sets of buttonholes and needles. If needed, these devices can be transformed into three-threaded (by disconnecting one needle) or two-threaded by adding a special plate (converter) to the buttonhole. This versatility allows these models to offer a variety of hemstitching programs. By disconnecting one set of needle and buttonhole, it is also possible to perform a narrow two-threaded basting stitch, which is ideal for processing lightweight and medium-density fabrics.

Brother Overlock

Overlock stitches using a sewing machine

To achieve overstitching on the fabric’s edge, it is not always essential to invest in additional and costly equipment. For individuals who are not professionally involved in sewing, it is not necessary to acquire such devices. Occasionally, simply utilizing the specialized basting modes on a regular sewing machine suffices.

There are a variety of edge treatment modes available in modern sewing machine models. These machines offer different stitch modes specifically designed for different types of fabrics such as cotton, wool, and more. To select the appropriate stitch mode, refer to the instruction manual. Some manufacturers even display descriptions of the stitches directly on the front panel of the machine. In addition to the usual zigzag stitch, extra basting stitches can be used to enhance the quality of the seam.

If you’re considering buying a sewing machine, it’s recommended to check if it has basting stitches in its list of available programs, especially if you don’t plan on purchasing an overlock machine.